At the SASAC meeting, industrial motherboards were ranked first, ranking ahead of high-end chips, new materials and new energy vehicles, reflecting their important position.
Machine tool refers to the machine that makes machines, also known as industrial master machine, which is often used in cutting, forging, welding, stamping, extrusion and other processing processes. All parts that require high processing accuracy and fine surface roughness need to be processed by machine tool. Therefore, machine tool plays an important role in downstream manufacturing and national economic development.
The state puts forward requirements for the development of high-end CNC machine tool market. As one of the key development areas of manufacturing industry in the next decade, "high-end CNC machine tools" clearly define the future development goals of high-end CNC machine tools.
The "Made in China 2025" key field technology roadmap puts forward that "by 2020, the domestic market share of high-end CNC machine tools and basic manufacturing equipment will exceed 70%, and by 2025, the domestic market share of high-end CNC machine tools and basic manufacturing equipment will exceed 80%".
At present, a series of core components such as CNC system, transmission components and functional components of high-end machine tools in China mainly rely on imports. The utilization rate of domestic components is low. Once the import is blocked, China's CNC machine tool industry will fall into a passive position.
Therefore, in the long run, achieving the localization of high-end machine tools in China will become the top priority in the key areas of independent control.
CNC machine tool industry chain
From the perspective of industrial chain solution, the upstream industries of CNC machine tools are mainly machine tool main parts, functional parts, electrical components and CNC systems. Raw materials account for a high proportion of the main business costs, so the fluctuation of upstream material prices has a strong correlation with the industry.
CNC machine tools are widely used in the downstream, not only in the fields of national defense and military industry, petrochemical industry, shipbuilding and other fields, but also in the automation equipment of new energy, textile, electronics, automobile and other industries. These downstream industries are the key industries of China's national economic development, which are strongly supported by national policies.
NC machine tools are usually composed of control system, servo system, transmission system, detection system, machine tool body and other auxiliary systems.
The main drive system is the drive system that realizes the main motion of the machine tool. Its function is to convert the original power of the motor into the cutting torque and cutting speed that can be used for cutting tools on the spindle.
In order to adapt to different workpieces and processes, the main drive system should have a large speed range, high accuracy and stiffness, and reduce noise as much as possible, so as to obtain the best processing efficiency and processing accuracy.
Metal and plastic are the two most basic materials in the production process, and the production machine behind each product is CNC machine tool and injection molding machine, in which the industrial robot completes handling, polishing, spraying and other work, and plays a role in supporting production.
CNC machine tool products can be divided into three categories according to process purposes: CNC metal cutting machine tool, CNC metal forming machine tool and CNC special machining machine tool.
Among the three subdivided products, CNC metal cutting machine tools account for the largest proportion, accounting for 53.8%, followed by CNC metal forming machine tools, accounting for 28.5%, and CNC special machining machine tools, accounting for 16.8%.
Competition pattern of CNC machine tools
In 2019, the top three market shares of China's CNC machine tool industry were Genesis, Qinchuan Machine Tool and Huadong Heavy Machinery, with market shares of 17.87%, 11.72% and 10.64% respectively.
In 2020, the top three market shares of China's CNC machine tool industry are Chuang Shi, Qinchuan Machine Tool and Haitian Precision, with market shares of 23.81%, 13.47% and 12.62% respectively.
CNC system
As the "brain" of the CNC machine tool, the CNC system is the key factor that determines the performance, function and reliability of the machine tool, and is also the core component of the functional components of the CNC machine tool.
NC system is generally composed of control system, servo system and detection system to form a complete closed-loop control CNC system. The corresponding technology is complex, which will directly affect the accuracy, dynamic characteristics and other important parameters of CNC machine tools, generally accounting for about 20-30% of the cost of CNC machine tools.
The scale of China's CNC system market fluctuates with the CNC machine tool industry, and the up-cycle of the machine tool industry+the rate of numerical control increase. It is expected that the market scale will grow steadily.
With the optimization and upgrading of China's industrial structure, China is going through an important stage of development from high-speed development to high-quality development. The requirements for the precision, efficiency, stability and other refined indicators of the machine tool as an industrial master machine are gradually increasing, and the demand for medium and high-end products is increasing.
In this context, the structural upgrading of China's machine tool market will develop towards the direction of complete automation, customization and universal shift upgrading. The products will be upgraded from ordinary machine tools to CNC machine tools, and from low-grade CNC machine tools to medium-high grade CNC machine tools.
In the process of transformation and upgrading of China's machine tool market, the market potential of domestic high-end machine tools is huge and has entered an important period of opportunity.